Poem N. Century Gogol "Dead souls" — a work of satire. This is a funny and amusing book nevertheless leads the reader on a sad reflection on the fate of Russia and its people. The peculiarity of Gogol's talent was organic combination of Comedy and tragedy. Therefore, in Dead souls" funny scenes and characters only more bright shade total tragic picture of Russian reality of the 30s of the XIX century. Gogol was convinced that one of the most effective means of transformation of society is a mockery of typical defects which prevent its further development. Therefore, the author of widely used in the poem satirical graphic arts.Ironically describes Gogol signs of a typical town of the province, which we see with our eyes who has recently come Pavel Ivanovich Chichikov. Houses, lost among the broad field of the street, and almost washed off by rains ridiculous signs with pretzels and boots, among which stands proud inscription: "a Foreigner Vasily Fedorov". Humorously portrayed urban landscape gives an idea not only about the appearance of the city, but the life of its inhabitants, their General cultural level. Having been in the city garden, Chichikov saw the trees that were not above cane. However, in the Newspapers said that the city was decorated garden "of the shady broad-leaved trees." Pathetic line local journalist emphasizes the misery of the poor, uncomfortable city, where for two roubles a day pass can get in the hotel "deceased room with cockroaches, выглядывающими as a prune, from all angles", or dine in the restaurant dish of fortnight prescription.Ironically draws in the poem author of portraits of landlords and officials. In addition ironic characteristics of heroes. Gogol saturates poem comic situations and conditions. For example, remembered a scene between the Hole and Маниловым for several minutes cannot go into the living room, because persistently yield to each other, this honorable privilege of cultural, sensitive people.If the description of the appearance of the heroes of the author of the widely uses irony, the disclosure of the internal world of landlords and officials he uses sarcasm. Familiarity with different types of inhabitants of the manors at all the individual features of their character reveals the common features of idleness, parasitism, vulgarity, spiritual emptiness. Because безалаберный прожектер Manilov, and economic Sobakevich, and accurate прижимистая Box live by the labour of his serfs, which provide them with a comfortable, бездеятельную life. Among landowners, depicted in the poem, you can select the type of the fist, good master, busy with the accumulation of money, which includes Sobakevich and a small Box. In contrast nozdryov and Manilov not concerned about collecting money. On the contrary, nozdryov pointless and disorderly spends them on card games, drinking or buying unnecessary items. Manilow same frankly looting and the Manager, and the housekeeper, and other servants, and he is immersed in his — an impossible, far from reality dreams. Means and thoughtless squandering some landlords, and acquisitiveness other evidence about the moral degeneracy of the nobility in Russia.Sarcastically, representing a poem bureaucracy. Gogol reveals in it such disgusting features as bribery, embezzlement, dishonesty, the squalor of interests. If such people are in the public service, then, the administrative system of tsarist Russia not defend law and order, and begets evil and tyranny. And this is an eloquent evidence of the anti-popular character of the state apparatus.Drawing in a poem many faces of evil Russian life, Gogol convinces the reader that the main disease of Nicholas I of Russia was serfdom, which inflicted enormous damage to the country, destroyed and калечило people. No wonder he called "Dead souls "medical history, written by the hand of a master".
